Effects of Redundancy on Reliability
u Active Redundancy: Both components operate all the
time but only one is needed.
u Failure occurs only when both fail or (EP1)*(EP2)
u Thus reliability is:RS = 1 - P(1-RI)
Example: Use two components and both
components have a reliability of 0.90.
In a series|     Rs = .9*.9     = .81
(above)
Redundant|   Rs = 1-(1-.9)2     = .99
Two redundant components in a series|
         Rs = .99*.99     = .98